Abstract Aquafaba, a liquid from the cooking of chickpeas, has technological properties that have been increasingly used in the food sector, such as emulsifying, foaming, and gelling properties. Its application occurs mainly in mayonnaise and meringues, replacing the egg. This study aims to carry out the technological prospection of aquafaba through the study of patents in national and international databases, seeking to assess current and future market demand, and thus gather relevant information that allows attracting the interest of the food industry to the use of this new functional and sustainable food. Few related patents are reported, and they are concentrated in a few countries, indicating a promising way of exploring this product. Aquafaba chickpeas sector emulsifying foaming meringues egg databases demand reported countries product

RESUMO: A distrofia muscular hipertrófica felina é uma doença causada por uma deficiência da distrofina com caráter hereditário recessivo ligado ao cromossomo X, com poucos registros de ocorrência na literatura, que acomete principalmente gatos machos jovens. Neste trabalho, são relatados os aspectos clínicos, manejo alimentar e evolução clínica de um gato, sem raça definida, de sete anos com histórico principal de protrusão progressiva da língua e diagnosticado com distrofia muscular hipertrófica felina.

ABSTRACT: Hypertrophic feline muscular dystrophy (HFMD), rarely reported in the literature, is a disease caused by a hereditary recessive dystrophin deficiency linked to the X chromosome, mainly affecting young male cats. Here, we presented the clinical aspects, food management, and clinical evolution of a seven-year-old mixed-breed cat diagnosed with HFMD, having a primary history of progressive tongue protrusion.

Abstract The search for muscle hypertrophy and health improvements has increased both the number of exercisers and the consumption of supplements. The correct use is able to delay muscle fatigue and improve sports performance. However, inadequate supplementation can cause several health problems, so it is necessary to seek a qualified professional for indication of use. The present literature review objective to evaluate the profile of supplement consumption in gyms in different cities and states in Brazil. The research was carried out through a literature review, within the criteria established by the PRISMA Statement. The following databases were used: PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO, integrating only studies about the use of dietary supplements by strength training practitioners in Brazil, using 25 scientific articles, published between 2011 and 2021. The results shows that the most cited objective for use of supplementation was for muscle hypertrophy, where the most used supplements was whey protein. Another relevant result was the lack of indication of a suitable professional, such as a nutritionist, for consumption recommendation. On the other hand, the main sources of indication were Physical Education professionals, followed by friends and self-referral, which can result in inadequate consumption and, consequently, bring health risks.

Abstract The effect of probiotic milk drinks associated with non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in treating periodontitis was evaluated. A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with patients with periodontitis was conducted. Two groups were used: TG (n=15, test group, probiotic milk drink, Lacticaseibacillus casei 01, 8-9 log CFU/mL) and CG (n=15, control group, conventional milk drink). The milk drinks (100 mL) were consumed once a day at breakfast for 15 days. Both groups also received NSPT, supra and subgingival scaling and root planning per quadrant, and oral hygiene instruction. All patients were clinically evaluated after 30, 90, and 180 days of the last NSPT session. Reductions in clinical attachment loss and probing pocket depth were observed at 30 days in both groups, maintained throughout the follow-up. Decreases in visible plaque index (VPI) and bleeding on probing were observed after probiotic milk drink consumption for 30 days, suggesting an effect provided by probiotics in the control of biofilm and inflammation. However, the impact on VPI was not persistent for more than 30 days, demonstrating the need for regular consumption of the probiotic milk drink. In conclusion, probiotic milk drinks may be used as adjuvant therapy to treat periodontitis.

Abstract Soy-based fermented probiotic drinks are an option in the beverage market. For the food industry to meet the challenge of the demand for new products, the technological simplification of the production process is one factor that facilitates market insertion. The objective of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a process for fermentation, by probiotic bacteria, of liquid soy bases obtained from the grain, flour and powder extract, to have the technology for the industrial production of the beverage from different raw materials. The liquid bases were submitted to the same basic formulation process with sucrose, tricalcium phosphate and potassium sorbate dispersed in water. The probiotic bacteria tested, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis, showed fermentative potential in the three liquid bases studied and the final drinks complied with Brazilian legislation, which establishes a minimum concentration of 8 log CFU per serving during at least 45 days of refrigerated storage at 8 °C. Thus, the suitability of the process for the raw materials was proven. Among the drinks prepared, as well as in relation to the microorganism applied, few variations were observed related to the proximate composition, counting of spoilages and monitoring of the acidity from the process of fermentation.

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of the cheese whey exploitation by the Brazilian dairy industry using a questionnaire survey. The dairy industries (n=100) were mainly from Southeast (55%) and South (25%) regions and supervised by the Federal Inspection System (80%). Most of them produced (67%) and processed (60%) sweet cheese whey, using it in whey dairy beverages (60%), Ricotta (20%), whey concentrate (15%), and milk blends (5%), which were resold for supermarkets (53%) or industries (20%). However, 27% of the industries discard whey in the effluent treatment system or use as animal feed, suggesting a market for using this by-product.

RESUMO O eletrocardiograma é um método diagnóstico de simples execução, de grande utilidade nos diagnósticos das doenças cardiovasculares, sobretudo as agudas, como as arritmias e o infarto agudo do miocárdio. O seu entendimento não é claro, provavelmente porque a base da explicação é voltada para conceitos básicos da física, atrelado ao ensinamento mais teórico que prático aos estudantes de medicina. A presente experiência mostra o modelo criado e adotado para explicar um método de ensino desenvolvido com os devidos materiais fornecidos à população alvo do ensino: estudantes de medicina e médicos residentes de cardiologia e outras especialidades clínicas, que fazem prática de estágio obrigatório dos seus respectivos programas de aprendizagem em uma emergência cardiológica de um hospital universitário em Recife/PE.

ABSTRACT The electrocardiogram is a straightforward diagnostic method, which is very useful to diagnose cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute ones, such as arrhythmias and acute myocardial infarction. Its understanding is unclear, probably because the basis of the explanation is focused on basic concepts of physics, bound to a more theoretical than practical teaching approach for the medical students. This experience shows the model created and adopted to explain a teaching method developed with the proper materials provided to the target group: medical students and medical residents in cardiology and other clinical specialties that require the student to undertake practical training in a cardiac emergency unit of a teaching hospital in Recife / PE.

An internal mixer connected to a torque rheometer was used to investigate the effect of moisture content (13.2 to 46.8 g.100g- 1), rotation speed (13.2 to 46.8 rpm) and processing temperature (53.2 to 86.8 °C), applying a factorial central composite design, on the specific mechanical energy (SME), pasting viscosity and crystallinity of cassava starch. Torque values were highly significant for the three variables, showing decrease with increasing moisture, temperature and rpm. The highest cold viscosity (CV) was obtained at 13.18 g.100g- 1 moisture, 86.87 °C and 30 rpm due to increased rupture of starch granules caused by processing at lower moisture condition. Peak viscosity (PV) values were higher than CV values which indicated that the processing was not able to destroy completely the molecular integrity of the starch granules. Smaller setback (SB) at high temperature and rpm and low moisture showed possible starch depolymerization causing loss of recrystallization capacity. Processing under low moisture content resulted in reduction of crystallinity. The results showed that the effect of moisture was more pronounced than rotation speed and processing temperature of cassava starch.

A listeriose é uma doença infecciosa que afeta uma grande variedade de espécies animais, causando septicemia, encefalite e aborto. As chinchilas são os animais mais susceptíveis à infecção sistêmica por Listeria monocytogenes. Este relato descreve um surto de listeriose sistêmica em uma criação de chinchilas da região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde cerca de 16% das chinchilas morreram. Na necropsia, havia múltiplos focos brancos, pequenos e de distribuição aleatória nas superfícies capsular e de corte do fígado e aumento de volume do linfonodo hepático. Histologicamente, observaram-se hepatite necrossupurativa e linfadenite supurativa multifocais, com numerosos bacilos intralesionais. L. monocytogenes foi o agente etiológico do surto de listeriose sistêmica, sendo o diagnóstico confirmado por meio das lesões de necropsia e histopatológicas, das características fenotípicas e genotípicas da bactéria e da técnica de imuno-histoquímica.

Listeriosis is an infectious disease, which affects a variety of animal species and cause septicemia, encephalitis and abortion. Chinchillas are the most susceptible animals to the systemic infection by Listeria monocytogenes. This report describes an outbreak of systemic listeriosis in a farm of chinchillas in the Central region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Mortality rate was about 16%. On necropsy, there were multiple random small white foci on the liver capsule and parenchyma and enlargement of the hepatic lymph node. Histologically, there were multifocal necro-suppurative hepatitis and suppurative lymphadenitis with numerous intralesional bacilli. L. monocytogenes was the etiology of the systemic listeriosis outbreak. The diagnosis was based on gross and microscopic lesions, genotypical and phenotypical characteristics and by immunohistochemistry technique.

A farinha de arroz foi extrusada em presença de diferentes teores de água e sacarose. O processamento foi realizado em extrusora dupla-rosca, sob condições fornecidas por um delineamento experimental rotacional de segunda ordem. Os efeitos das variáveis independentes, teor de água (27,9 a 42,1%) e teor de sacarose (0,1 a 19,9%), sobre as propriedades físico-químicas dos extrusados, foram estudados. As variáveis dependentes avaliadas foram o índice de absorção de água (WAI), o índice de solubilidade em água (WSI), o índice de expansão volumétrica (VEI) e a densidade aparente (BD). A densidade aparente (BD) foi determinada para os extrusados antes e depois do processo de fritura. O aumento no teor de água resultou em maiores valores de WAI e VEI e menores valores de WSI e de BD (para as amostras fritas e não fritas). Os maiores teores de sacarose levaram a altos valores de WAI e VEI, e valores reduzidos de WSI e de BD (para as amostras fritas e não fritas). Ambas as variáveis independentes influenciaram, significativamente, as propriedades físico-químicas de extrusados de farinha de arroz. No entanto, o teor de sacarose foi a variável mais significativa. Os efeitos quadráticos, bem como a interação entre as duas variáveis independentes, também foram importantes para as variáveis das respostas estudadas.

Rice flour was processed by extrusion cooking in the presence of variable contents of water and sucrose. The process was carried out in a twin-screw extruder under the conditions given by a centre rotational experimental design of second order. The effects of the independent variables, water content (27.9 to 42.1%), and sucrose content (0.1 to 19.9%) on the physicochemical properties of the extrudates were investigated. The water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), volumetric expansion index (VEI), and bulk density (BD) were determined as dependent variables. BD was determined for samples before and after frying. An increase in water contents resulted in higher WAI and VEI, and lower WSI and BD for extrudates before and after frying. Higher sucrose levels led to increased values of WAI and VEI and to reduced values of WSI and BD. Both independent variables had significant influence on the physicochemical properties of rice flour extrudates. However, the sucrose content was the most significant. The interaction between these two independent variables and their quadratic effect were also important for the responses studied.

O atropelamento por veículos automotivos contribui significativamente para as estatísticas de morte em cães. Entretanto, há poucos estudos sobre os aspectos patológicos reportados na literatura. Este artigo descreve 155 casos fatais de atropelamento por veículos automotivos em cães. Dos 155 cães atropelados, em 138 (89,0%) havia lesões que explicavam a morte ou a razão para a eutanásia desses cães. Essas lesões incluíram traumatismo espinhal-medular (43 [27,7%]), ruptura de órgãos parenquimatosos (40 [25,8%]), traumatismo cranioencefálico (28 [18,1%]), ruptura de órgãos ocos (16 [10,3%]), fratura de costelas com laceração de órgãos parenquimatosos (15 [9,7%]) e ruptura de diafragma com deslocamento de vísceras abdominais para a cavidade torácica (10 [6,4%]).

Motor vehicle-related trauma significantly contributes to death statistics of dogs. There are however few documented reports on the pathological aspects of such cases. This paper describes 155 fatal cases of dogs victimized by motor vehicle accidents. In 138 (89.0%) of the 155 dogs hit by motor vehicles there were lesions that could explain the death or reason for these dogs being euthanatized. These lesions included vertebrospinal trauma (43 [27.7%]), rupture of parenchymal organs (40 [25.8%]), cranioencephalic trauma (28 [18.1%]), rupture of hollow organs (16 [10.3%]), rib fracture with subsequent laceration of parenchymal organs (15 [9.7%]), and diaphragmatic rupture with displacement of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity (10 [6.4%]).

É descrito um caso de tumor de células germinativas supra-selar em numa cadela Airedale Terrier de seis anos de idade, que apresentou transtornos do comportamento e aparecimento abrupto de cegueira. O neoplasma comprimia a superfície ventral do cérebro desde a altura dos núcleos basais até o mesencéfalo. Histologicamente, o neoplasma consistia de ninhos e trabéculas de células redondas ou poligonais que ocasionalmente arranjavam-se ao redor de túbulos e cistos formados por células colunares. As células neoplásicas foram positivas na imunoistoquímica para citoqueratina e a-fetoproteína. O diagnóstico foi feito com base na localização do tumor, no seu aspecto histológico e nos resultados da marcação imunoistoquímica.

A case of suprasellar germ cell tumor is described in a 6-year -old Airedale Terrier bitch that presented behavioral changes and abrupt onset of blindness. The neoplasm compressed the ventral surface of the cerebrum from the level of basal ganglia to the mesencephalon. Histologically the neoplasm consisted of nests and trabeculae of round to polygonal cells that occasionally surround tubules and cysts formed by columnar cells. Neoplastic cells are immunopositive for cytokeratin and alpha-fetoprotein. The diagnosis was based on location, histological appearance and on the immunohistochemical staining.

Este artigo traz algumas reflexões sobre a importância da análise da produção escrita dos alunos na avaliação da aprendizagem no cotidiano escolar. Para isso, apresentamos algumas análises da produção escrita de 25 alunos da 4ª. série do Ensino Fundamental, encontrada numa questão de Matemática. A análise centrou-se nos seguintes questionamentos: i) que caminhos os alunos escolhem para resolver o problema? ii) que conhecimentos matemáticos utilizam? iii) quais os erros que cometem e qual a natureza deles? iv) como utilizam as informações contidas no enunciado da questão? O texto destaca também a relevância do reconhecimento da existência de conhecimento tanto nos acertos quanto nos erros dos alunos, bem como a necessidade de que a avaliação educacional comece a ser entendida também como um meio para compreender melhor o processo de ensino-aprendizagem.

This article reflects on the importance of analysing the written production of students in order to evaluate learning in school environments. An analysis is presented of the written answers that 25 students, aged 10 years old, of 4th level of Elementary School (Cambé - Paraná - Brazil), gave to a mathematical question. The analysis focused on the following areas: i) which steps the students took to solve the problem; ii) what mathematical knowledge they used; iii) what kind of mistakes they made; iv) how the students used the information provided by the question statement. The article highlights the fact that the students used some kind of mathematical knowledge even when their answers were wrong. It emphasizes evaluation as a way of improving our understanding of the teaching/learning process.

Tumores primários de uretra são raros em animais e há poucos relatos em cães. A ocorrência é maior em cadelas idosas, não havendo predileção por raça. Disúria, estrangúria e hematúria são sinais clínicos associados a esses tumores. É relatado um caso de adenocarcinoma primário de uretra em um cadela Poodle de 12 anos de idade que apresentava aumento de volume no membro pélvico esquerdo. Na necropsia, foram encontradas metástases na articulação femorotibial esquerda, na glândula adrenal e no rim.

Urethral primary tumors are rare in animals and there are only few reports in dogs. They are more frequent in old bitches and have no breed predilection. Clinical signs associated with urethral primary tumors include dysuria, strangury and hematuria. We report a case of primary urethral adenocarcinoma in a 12-year-old female Poodle that was presented with localized volume enlargement in the left pelvic limb. At necropsy metastasis were found at the left femorotibial joint, adrenal gland and kidney.

Uma doença respiratória com morbidade de 7,1% e letalidade de 13,3% foi diagnosticada em terneiros de corte de 5 a 7 meses de idade na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Clinicamente, os bovinos apresentavam anorexia, perda de peso, tosse, taquipnéia, dispnéia, respiração abdominal e secreção nasal serosa. Lesões de necropsia observadas em dois terneiros incluíam acentuado edema pulmonar, enfisema e atelectasia pulmonares associados a nematódeos filiformes intra-bronquiais, com 8 a 10 cm de comprimento, morfologicamente compatíveis com Dictyocaulus viviparus. Histologicamente havia broncopneumonia fibrinosupurativa, peribronquite e peribronquiolite linfo-histioplasmocitária, hiperplasia do epitélio brônquico, bronquiolite obliterante e hiperplasia de pneumócitos tipo II. No interior dos brônquios e bronquíolos, observaram-se muitos exemplares adultos de D. viviparus. Nos alvéolos, ovos e larvas cercados por numerosos eosinófilos e poucas células gigantes multinucleadas também foram encontrados.

A respiratory disease with morbidity and lethality rates respectively of 7.1% and 13.3% was diagnosed in 5-7 month-old beef calves from the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Clinical signs included anorexia, loss of weight, cough, tachypnea, dyspnea, abdominal respiration, and serous nasal discharge. Gross lesions found in the necropsy of two affected calves included pulmonary changes such as edema, emphysema and atelectasis which were associated with 8-10cm long, filiform nematodes with morphology compatible with Dictyocaulus viviparus within the bronchi. Histologically there were fibrinosuppurative bronchopneumonia, lympho-histiocytic and plasmacytic peribronchitis and peribronchiolitis, bronchiolitis obliterans and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. Within bronchi and bronchioli lumina there were numerous adult specimens of D. viviparus. Within alveoli there were numerous eggs and larvae of this nematode surrounded by large numbers of eosinophils and few multinucleated giant cells.